![]() Under French law, care-related data may be used for research purposes unless the patient opposes such use. This single-center observational study was performed at the University hospital of Lille, France based on electronic records, including the metabolic and obstetric data that are routinely collected at delivery for every birth. The aim of our study was to examine whether there is an association between HbA1c levels and maternal–fetal complications in T1D who were followed in the same tertiary obstetric care center by the same multidisciplinary team. defined a normal range for HbA1c in pregnant Caucasian women as <5.4% (36 mmol/mol) in the first trimester, <5.4% (36 mmol/mol) in the second trimester, and <5.7% (39 mmol/mol) in the third trimester ( 10). The ideal HbA1c level during pregnancy is likely to be lower than the above values since HbA1c decreases during the first and second trimesters, linked to pathophysiological changes ( 9). ![]() During pregnancy, HbA1c levels have been shown to be a strong predictor of maternal and fetal complications ( 8). Indeed, the American Diabetes Association recommends a preconception glycated hemoglobin (HbA1)c level between 6% (42 mmol/mol) and 6.5% (48 mmol/mol), while limiting, as much as possible, the number of hypoglycemic episodes, and advocates preconception counseling and programming of pregnancy, the benefits of which have already been shown ( 7). ![]() Pregnancy should be anticipated and planned in such cases to limit the risk of adverse outcomes. More recently, the CONCEPTT study reported that maternal–fetal complications can be improved by better glycemic control, but even with the improvement obtained with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) pregnancy outcomes remained suboptimal, with a high proportion of infants with macrosomia and high levels of neonatal morbidity ( 6). In 2015, an observational cohort study described a higher risk of pre-eclampsia, cesarean section, stillbirth, congenital malformations, and prematurity in women with diabetes ( 5). Despite increasingly strict management, this objective remains elusive. In 1989, the goal that pregnancy outcomes in women with pre-existing diabetes at the time of pregnancy should be similar to those of the background population was established ( 4). The most common complications are congenital malformations, stillbirth or neonatal death, macrosomia, in utero growth retardation, shoulder dystocia, neonatal hypoglycemia, and neonatal respiratory distress, which may lead to admission to a neonatal intensive care unit ( 3). However, maternal–fetal risks, in terms of morbidity and mortality, are predominantly present in diabetes that is pre-existent at the time of pregnancy, with an even higher risk of complications in type 1 diabetes (T1D) ( 2). Healthcare providers recommend that pregnant women with type 1 diabetes maintain Hemoglobin A1c levels of less than 6.5% throughout the pregnancy.The prevalence of diabetes during pregnancy, mostly gestational diabetes, continues to rise worldwide ( 1). Normal Hemoglobin A1c Level in Pregnant Women with Diabetes.Advanced complications of diabetes, such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, or nerve problems.Episodes of severe hypoglycemia or inability to sense hypoglycemia.Long-standing diabetes and trouble reaching a lower goal.However, the American Diabetes Association recommends that the target level for diabetic patients be 7% or lower, as higher percentages increase the risk of diabetes complications.Īnd the Hemoglobin A1c goals may be above 7% (typically range between 7 – 8%) if the patient has: ( 3 )( 5 )( 1 ) Therefore, the doctor and the patient determine the target range based on the factors above. Accessibility to diabetes medications and management tools.The target level of Hemoglobin A1c in diabetic patients depends on several factors, including: Normal Hemoglobin A1c Level in Diabetic patient:.The following table explains Hemoglobin A1c levels and what they indicate: ( 4 ) Levels of 6.5% and above indicate the presence of diabetes. Levels of Hemoglobin A1c ranging from 5.7 – 6.4% indicate prediabetes and a higher chance of getting diabetes. The normal level of Hemoglobin A1c in individuals without diabetes ranges between 4% – 5.6%. Normal Hemoglobin A1c level in non-diabetic individuals:.Now, going back to the question “What’s a Normal Hemoglobin A1c level?” we will explain the answer in the following points: ![]()
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